激光辐射的辐射计

激光功率计、辐射计、剂量计和数据记录器，用于测量400nm-1800nm波长范围内的辐照度、激光功率、激光能量和脉冲形状。

对于激光辐射的测量，不同的测量值是有意义的。最重要的通常是总辐射功率（见我们关于激光功率测量的应用）。对于这种测量，要么直接使用光电二极管探测器，要么使用热电探测器或积分球。特别是积分球探测器是理想的选择，如果激光束是发散的或者一般来说尺寸较大。在任何情况下，都需要一个现代直观的光学计（带显示的电流放大器），以便储存不同激光波长甚至不同探测器的校准数据。请看我们的光度计、放大器、显示仪表系列。

热释电探测器一般用于测量高功率的脉冲激光器的能量，最高可达千瓦级。然而，这些探测器不太适合半导体激光器的低峰值功率和短脉冲长度。因此，通常使用光电二极管。

对于精确的辐射功率测量，需要对激光脉冲进行高采样。由于这些脉冲通常在ns范围内，跨阻抗放大器的标准采样是不够的。解决这一难题的聪明技术是将脉冲拉伸为预期脉冲长度的倍数。这被称为脉冲拉伸法（P-21或P-9710）。由此产生的 "拉伸脉冲 "变得更平坦，但其面积保持不变，因此其辐射功率也不变。拉长的脉冲可以用更多的采样点进行采样。

将短脉冲转换为具有相同能量（面积）的拉伸脉冲。A1：原始信号输入，A2：信号输出跨阻抗放大器，面积A1=面积A2

可以用具有足够高的采样率的数据记录器以时间分辨的方式记录拉伸脉冲的脉冲波形。从而从脉冲波形中计算出脉冲能量。见我们关于激光功率和波形测量的应用页面。

我们提供一系列适合使用脉冲拉伸法测量激光二极管的脉冲能量的光学计。型号P-21或P-9710有信号放大器，其时间常数设计得很理想，对模数转换器有足够的采样时间。由于它们的高读出率，在仔细调整电子偏移的情况下，电子测量的不确定性可能低于±1%。

如今，由于非常短的脉冲，例如用于LiDAR的应用，脉冲形状也备受关注。此外，用于LiDAR测距设备的激光二极管通常有一个发散的椭圆光束轮廓，典型的峰值功率高达100W，甚至在KW范围内。它们以短脉冲宽度、低脉冲频率和低平均功率的模式运行。短脉冲在LiDAR系统的时间分辨率方面是有优势的。为了保证质量，峰值功率和脉冲波形是最重要的。如果需要最低的测量不确定度，这两个光学参数不能用单个探测器来测量。因此，脉冲能量和脉冲波形必须分别测量，例如，请参见我们紧凑而周密的ISD-1.6-SP-Vxx、ISD-5P-SP和ISD-10P-SP。

脉冲波形是用快速的、小面积的光电二极管测量的，终端是一个低阻抗的分流电阻。用数字示波器测量和记录电阻上的时间电压曲线。上升时间可能小于一纳秒。由于采用了低电阻电路，这种类型的探测器的反应性非常低。

除了测量系统的设计之外，具有低校准不确定度的可追溯校准也是至关重要的。我们Gigahertz-Optik提供ISO17025校准和根据DAkkS的测试。请参阅我们的ISO17025校准实验室。

也请参见我们在激光辐射测量/激光功率测量部分的应用网页。在下面的产品列表中，我们介绍了一些测量解决方案。由于我们是定制激光功率测量解决方案的专家，当然也可以进行以下定制。

根据您的需要调整激光辐射范围（激光功率范围）。
根据您的被测设备（DUT）调整球体直径、球体端口尺寸等。
找到最适合的校准策略，如ISO 17025
找到完美的光学仪器/显示单元/跨阻抗放大器

Handheld/portable radiometers for measuring laser power, pulse energy, etc.

Model	Spectral function	Entrance optic	Entrance port	Typ. Range Minimum SNR=50 100ms integration	Measurement range Typ. Max.	Remark
P-21-4 + ISD-1.6-SP-Vxx	Si 400 - 1100 nm	16 mm Ø Integrating sphere	5 mm Ø	0.73 µW @630nm 0.66 µW @900nm	14.6 W @630nm 13.3 W @900nm	Two-photodiode technology for time-resolved measurement (ns) of the radiant power of pulsed laser diodes and LEDs. Optometer P-2120 or P-9710-4 for high dynamic range and precise pulse measurement mode. Optional oscilloscope for pulse shape.
P-21 + ISD-5P-SP	Si 400 - 1100 nm

X1 + ISD-3P-Si	Si 400 - 1100 nm	30 mm Ø Integrating sphere	5 mm Ø	7.8 nW @630nm 5.6 nW @900nm	1.56 W @630nm 1.13 W @900nm	Integrating sphere detector with 30 mm ODM98 sphere for laser power measurements from 400 nm - 1100 nm. Suitable for CW-power as well as pulse energy measurements.
X1 + ISD-3P-IGA	InGaAs 800 -1800 nm	30 mm Ø Integrating sphere	5 mm Ø	0.29 µW @1300nm 0.25 µW @1550nm	5.9 W @1300nm 5.0 W @1550nm	Integrating sphere detector with 30 mm ODM98 sphere for laser power measurements from 800 nm - 1800 nm. Suitable for CW-power as well as pulse energy measurements.
X1 + ISD-5P-Si	Si 400 - 1100 nm	50 mm Ø Integrating sphere	10 mm Ø	2.0 nW @630nm	400 mW @630nm	Integrating sphere detector with 50 mm ODM98 sphere for laser power measurements from 400 nm - 1100 nm. Suitable for CW-power as well as pulse energy measurements.
X1 + ISD-5P-IGA	InGaAs 800 -1800 nm	50 mm Ø Integrating sphere	10 mm Ø			Integrating sphere detector with 50 mm ODM98 sphere for laser power measurements from 800 nm - 1800 nm. Suitable for CW-power as well as pulse energy measurements.
P-21-2 + ISD-5P-Si	Si 400 - 1100 nm	50 mm Ø Integrating sphere	10 mm Ø	2.0 nW @630nm	400 mW @630nm	Integrating sphere detector with 50 mm ODM98 sphere for laser power measurements from 400 nm - 1100 nm. Suitable for CW-power as well as pulse energy measurements. Optometer P-9710 with high dynamic range and precise pulse energy mode.
P-21 + ISD-5P-IGA	InGaAs 800 -1800 nm	50 mm Ø Integrating sphere	10 mm Ø			Integrating sphere detector with 50 mm ODM98 sphere for laser power measurements from 800 nm - 1800 nm. Suitable for CW-power as well as pulse energy measurements. Optometer P-9710 with high dynamic range.
P-9710-1 + LP-9901	Si 400 - 1100 nm	Flat surface	7 mm Ø	3.9 nW @630nm 0.25 nW @900nm	0.77 W @630nm 50 mW @900nm	Laser power and laser scattered radiation. 7mm diameter measurement spot for laser safety measurements.
P-21-1 + PD-45 series	Si 350 - 1100 nm Ge 800 - 1800 nm TP 300 - 10000 nm	Flat surface	10 mm Ø			For laser diode measurement, VCSEL measurement, LiDAR laser measurement, tuneable laser power measurement, etc.
P-21-1 + PD-MSD series	PD-MSD-Si (200 nm - 100 nm) PD-MSD-TP (300 nm - 10000 nm)	76 mm x 25,2 mm x 5 mm	Fits directly into the focal plane of a microscope	PD-MSD-Si: 30 nW (typ) PD-MSD-TP: 100 µW (typ)	PD-MSD-Si: 30 mW (typ) PD-MSD-TP: 2 W (typ)	Laser power head for microscope measurements available in two versions (Si and Thermopile) for precise laser power measurement
MD-37 series + P-9710		Flat surface	Depends on Diode choice	Depends on Diode choice	Depends on Diode choice	Modular detector with differnet diode-options for laser power measurements. Wavelength range depending of selected diode. Suitable for CW-power as well as pulse energy measurements.
P-21 + ISD-10-Si	Si 400 - 1100 nm	100 mm Ø Integrating sphere	15 mm Ø	3.1 nW @630nm 2.6 nW @900nm	0.6 W @630nm 0.5 W @900nm	Integrating sphere detector with 100 mm barium sulfate sphere for laser power measurements from 400 nm - 1100 nm. Suitable for CW-power as well as pulse energy measurements. Optometer P-9710 with high dynamic range and precise pulse energy mode.
P-21 + ISD-15-Si	Si 400 - 1100 nm	150 mm Ø Integrating sphere	38.1 mm Ø	83 nW @630nm 71 nW @900nm	16 W @630nm 14 W @900nm	Integrating sphere detector with 150 mm barium sulfate sphere for laser power measurements from 400 nm - 1100 nm. Suitable for CW-power as well as pulse energy measurements. Optometer P-9710 with high dynamic range and precise pulse energy mode.
P-21 + ISD-30-Si	Si 400 -1100nm	300 mm Ø Integrating sphere	100 mm Ø	25nW @630nm 20nW @900nm	5 W @630nm 4 W @900nm	Integrating sphere detector with 300 mm barium sulfate sphere for laser power measurements from 400 nm - 1100 nm. Suitable for CW-power as well as pulse energy measurements. Optometer P-9710 with high dynamic range and precise pulse energy mode.
P-21 + ISD-30-SiIGA	Si + InGaAs 400 -1800 nm	300 mm Ø Integrating sphere	100 mm Ø	25nW @630nm 20nW @900nm 200nW @1300nm 280nW @1550nm	4W @630nm 5W @900nm 40W @1300nm 55W @1550nm	Power and radiation protection measurement of laser rangefinders. Integrating sphere detector with 300 mm barium sulfate sphere for laser power measurement from 400 nm - 1800 nm. Suitable for CW-power as well as pulse energy measurements. Optometer P-9710 with high dynamic range and precise pulse energy mode.
PLL-1701	Ext. InGaAs 400-1800 nm	Internal Integrating sphere	FC connector			lHigh-Speed optometer with FC-input and small internal integrating sphere. Implemented are a linear and logarithmic amplifier.
PLL-1701 + ISD-3P-IGA	InGaAs 800 -1800 nm	30 mm Ø Integrating sphere	5 mm Ø			High-Speed optometer with FC-input and small internal integrating sphere. Implemented are a linear and logarithmic amplifier. Larger integrating sphere detector (30 mm diameter, 800 nm - 1800 nm wavelength ranger) connected via BNC-connector.